ReviewEuropean addiction research2025
What Is the Real Impact of Smoking on Diseases Alleged to Benefit from It?
Review in European addiction research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
<p>Background: Cigarette smoking is a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its well-known harms, epidemiological studies have reported potential protective associations between smoking and certain diseases, necessitating a critical appraisal of these claims. Summary: This review evaluates evidence on smoking's impact across eight conditions: endometrial carcinoma, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Parkinson's disease, uterine leiomyoma, pre-eclampsia, COVID-19, and psychological stress. While observational data suggest inverse associations in some cases, such effects are often modest, mechanistically unclear, and confounded by biases. The review underscores the scarcity of randomized clinical trials and highlights the complexity of disentangling nicotine's biological actions from the broader toxic effects of tobacco smoke. Key Messages: The potential "protective" effects of smoking do not outweigh its well-established detrimental health consequences. Smoking cessation remains paramount, and further rigorous clinical research is needed to clarify these paradoxical findings and to explore the therapeutic potential of nicotine independent of tobacco use. </p>.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.