ArticlePsychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy2025
Addressing pandemic-related guilt and shame in U.S. military veterans: A pilot randomized controlled trial of trauma-informed guilt reduction and supportive care therapy.
Article in Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThe coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic created potentially morally injurious situations such as being unable to care for loved ones or making decisions that risked harming others. Such situations may elicit feelings of guilt and shame, which can lead to long lasting distress and functional impacts. This pilot study examined whether trauma-informed guilt reduction (TrIGR) reduced guilt and shame caused or worsened by the pandemic more than supportive care therapy (SCT).
methodSeventy-two post-9/11 U.S. military veterans endorsing pandemic-related guilt were randomized to six sessions of either TrIGR or SCT. Participants completed the Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory, Trauma-Related Shame Inventory, and for those who endorsed a
resultsBoth treatments reduced guilt and shame from baseline to posttreatment and 1-month follow up. Although TrIGR led to a more rapid reduction in shame by the end of treatment, SCT achieved comparable results at 1-month follow up. Among participants with PTSD, TrIGR resulted in greater reductions in guilt severity at follow up than SCT.
conclusionsFindings suggest that veterans with PTSD and guilt may benefit more from trauma- or morally injurious event-focused interventions like TrIGR, while veterans without PTSD may be adequately supported by SCT. Larger, more diverse samples are needed to identify optimal approaches for guilt and shame arising from morally injurious events. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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