ArticleClinical optometry2025
Impact of Wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lenses for 12 Months on Accommodation and Binocular Functions in Myopic Children.
Article in Clinical optometry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Spectacle lens design for myopia control incorporates either lenslet or diffusion technology to slow down the eye growth, which may impact the binocular vision functions of a myopic child. This study aimed to investigate the changes in accommodation and binocular functions in myopic children over 12 months wear of myopia control spectacle lenses. Methods: 21 myopic children aged 7-12 years were prescribed with Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses and assessed at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The parameters measured were refractive error, axial length (AL), visual acuity (VA), accommodative lag (LA), amplitude of accommodation (AA), negative/positive relative accommodation (NRA/PRA), stereoacuity, near point of convergence (NPC), phoria, negative/positive fusional vergence (NFV/PFV), and accommodation convergence per accommodation ratio (AC/A). Results: Mean spherical equivalent (SE) and AL increase from -2.90 ± 1.15 D and 24.51 ± 0.99 mm to -3.19 ± 1.25 D and 24.60 ± 0.97 mm at 12 months respectively. Visual acuity (VA) significantly improved (p < 0.001) in both high-contrast and low-contrast conditions at distance and near. Regarding accommodation and binocular functions, significant improvements were observed in lag of accommodation (LA), stereoacuity and gradient AC/A ratio (p < 0.001). The NPC reduced slightly but was still within normal limits. Distance and near phoria shifted toward esophoria with changes less than 1 PD. Additionally, distance NFV and near PFV recovery points increased significantly. Conclusion: This study demonstrated insignificant changes in accommodation and binocular functions in myopic children after 12 months of wearing DIMS lenses. However, the absence of a control group limits causal interpretation, as observed changes may be influenced by natural development, repeated testing, or regression to the mean. Further research with controlled designs is warranted to clarify these effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.