Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41127176›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE2025

Antimicrobial perceptions and stewardship practices among community pharmacy dispensers in Nepal.

Bikalpa Shrestha, Sweta Shrestha, Upasana Acharya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Bikalpa ShresthaDepartment of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
Sweta ShresthaDepartment of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-2645
Upasana AcharyaDepartment of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0475-661X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed the perception and practice regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) and knowledge about antibiotics among Community Pharmacy Dispensers (CPD) in selected municipalities of Kavrepalanchowk district, Nepal. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among CPD of the community pharmacies of Banepa, Dhulikhel, and Panauti in Kavrepalanchowk district, Nepal. Methods: A structured self-administered questionnaire was administered to 58 CPD selected through census sampling technique. The questionnaire comprised of questions assessing the knowledge of antibiotics, perception, and practice regarding AMS. A bivariate analysis was done to determine association between demographic variables and dependent variables. Results: Majority of respondents (60.3%) had medium level of knowledge regarding antibiotics, 46.6% of the respondents had low practice scores, and 50% of the respondents had positive perceptions of AMS. A positive correlations of knowledge with perception ( Conclusion: The practice of AMS in community pharmacies is low despite of medium level of knowledge on antibiotics among the community pharmacy dispensers. Establishing AMS protocols specific to community pharmacies in Nepal can lead to standardized practices and improve adherence to AMS principles.

Identifiers

PMID41127176
PMCPMC12538339

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.