Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41126683›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2026

Synthetic Cell-Based Tissues for Bottom-Up Assembly of Artificial Lymphatic Organs.

Anna Burgstaller, Tamara Nink, Niklas Walter, Erick Angel Lopez Lopez, Hsin-Fang Chang, Oskar Staufer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anna BurgstallerINM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Tamara NinkINM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Niklas WalterINM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Erick Angel Lopez LopezINM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Hsin-Fang ChangCenter for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
Oskar StauferINM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8015-3132

Funding

Daimler und Benz Stiftung 32-12/22Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 525255627Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 545610076Joachim Herz Stiftung Innovate! Akademie
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Synthetic cells have emerged as a novel biomimetic approach for studying fundamental cellular functions and enabling new therapeutic interventions. However, the potential to program synthetic cells into self-organized 3D collectives to replicate the structure and function of tissues has remained largely untapped. Here, self-assembly properties are engineered into synthetic cells to form millimeter-sized 3D lymphatic bottom-up tissues (lymphBUTs) with mechanical adaptability, metabolic activity, and hierarchical microstructural organization. It is demonstrated that primary human immune cells spontaneously infiltrate and functionally integrate into these synthetic lymph nodes to form living tissue hybrids. Applying lymphBUTs, it is shown that structured 3D organization and mechanical support drives T cell activation and the application of lymphBUTs for ex vivo expansion of regulatory CD8

Indexed as

Artificial CellsArtificial OrgansLymph NodesTissue EngineeringCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesHumansTissue Scaffoldsbottom‐up synthetic biologyimmuno‐biophysicsregulatory T cellssynthetic cellstissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID41126683
PMCPMC12864575

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.