Optimizing position-specific preparation: Long-term pre-match warm-up external load analysis using micro-sensor integrated LPS in elite female volleyball players.

backgroundAlthough it is known that determining the external loads during matches and training is essential for coaches to understand game demands, optimize and specify players' performance, or avoid overtraining or overload scenarios, it has been observed that the pre-match warm-up external load is neglected. The aims of this study were (i) assess the pre-match warm-up external load for female volleyball players and (ii) compare this load by player position.

methodsExternal loads (total distance, jump count, acceleration (ACC), deceleration (DEC), ACC

resultsElite female volleyball players performed 888.1-1078.5 m total distance, 15.9-85.3 jumps (excluding L: 7.6 jumps), 18.5-31.8 ACC and 10.4-28.2 DEC counts, 13.1-15.3 m.sec

conclusionExternal load metrics during pre-match warm-up in female volleyball players showed clear positional differences. These findings highlight the need for coaches and strength and conditioning professionals to design role-specific warm-up strategies that reflect the physical demands of each position. By tailoring pre-match preparation in this way, practitioners may better optimize readiness, reduce the risk of fatigue or overload, and improve subsequent match performance.