ArticleItalian journal of pediatrics2025
Difference in anterior fontanelle closure between non-syndromic craniosynostosis and normal controls: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
Article in Italian journal of pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the differences in anterior fontanelle closure time and size between children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis and controls on CT imaging.
methodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 182 children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis and 2,777 age-matched controls (≤ 36 months). The status, size, and timing of anterior fontanelle closure were compared between the two groups. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to assess the diagnostic value of anterior fontanelle measurements. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between age and fontanelle size.
resultsPatients with craniosynostosis exhibited higher closure rates under 24 months, particularly at 7-9 months (22.7% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.0001) and 10-12 months (50.0% vs. 6.9%, P < 0.0001), but lower closure rates at 25-36 months (80.0% vs. 94.0%, P < 0.01). ROC curve analysis identified an optimal cut-off age for fontanelle closure of 9.5 months in craniosynostosis patients (AUC = 0.85) and 17.5 months in controls (AUC = 0.93). Spearman correlation analysis revealed weaker relationships between age and fontanelle size in craniosynostosis patients compared to controls.
conclusionsAnterior fontanelle measurements, particularly closure timing and size, have potential as assistant markers for the early identification of craniosynostosis. However, definitive diagnosis requires clinical evaluation and imaging confirmation. These findings underscore the importance of early recognition and intervention in craniosynostosis to prevent complications.
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