ReviewJournal of cardiothoracic surgery2025
The first case of diaphragm pacing system implantation in a patient with high cervical spinal cord injury in taiwan: a case report and literature review.
Review in Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical management of complications after chronic spinal cord injury: a review of recent advances.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThis report presents the first case of a patient with high cervical spinal cord injury who underwent successful laparoscopic implantation of a diaphragm pacing system in Taiwan. It also compares the pros and cons of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic implantation and discusses postoperative care.
backgroundThe diaphragm pacing system (DPS) represents a substantial advancement in respiratory support technology, particularly for patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency. It electrically stimulates the phrenic nerve, which in turn activates the diaphragm-the primary muscle involved in respiration [1]. This stimulation mimics the natural neural impulses that drive diaphragmatic contractions, thereby promoting inhalation and a more efficient lung ventilation. The DPS typically consists of implanted electrodes, an external pulse generator, and connecting leads [2]. It is mainly used in patients with high spinal cord injuries, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and central hypoventilation syndrome. These conditions often result in compromised neural control of the diaphragm, leading to severe respiratory insufficiency. By restoring diaphragm function, DPS can enhance the patients' quality of life, reduce dependence on mechanical ventilators, and lower the risk of ventilator-associated complications [3]. Despite its benefits, DPS is not without challenges. Patient selection and the surgical approach are critical to perform successful DPS implantation for the restoration of diaphragm function [4]. This report presents the first case of a patient with cervical spine injury who underwent successful laparoscopic implantation of DPS in Taiwan. Furthermore, it discusses postoperative ICU care and reviews the pros and cons of different surgical approaches to performing DPS implantation.
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