ArticleBMC psychiatry2025
Mental health disorders and determinants among adolescents living with HIV: a first national estimation in Togo (The MIND-HIV study), 2025.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDepression and anxiety are leading mental health disorders (MHD) among adolescents. Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) face distinct challenges such as stigma, social isolation, and psychosocial adversity, which compound their vulnerability to MHD. Despite its significance, data on MHD among ALHIV in Togo remains limited. This study aimed to provide the first national estimate of MHD prevalence and associated factors among ALHIV in Togo.
methodsA national cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2025 across the six health regions of Togo. A stratified multistage random sampling approach was used to recruit ALHIV aged 10–19 years from 25 health facilities. Data collection involved validated psychosocial tools, including the PHQ-9 A for depression, GAD-7 for anxiety, and ULS-8 for loneliness. For prevalence estimation, depression was dichotomized into “Yes” (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) and “No” (PHQ score < 10). For inferential analysis, depression was categorized into three levels: absent, moderate, and severe. Ordinal and binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with depression and MHD (“combined depression and anxiety”).
resultsA total of 542 ALHIV (48.5% females) were included (median age: 15 years). The prevalence of depression among ALHIV was 24.5* with moderate depression observed in 19.9% and severe depression in 4.6%. Anxiety was less prominent, with 0.4% (95%CI: 0.04–1.34%) reporting moderate to severe symptoms. ALHIV experiencing loneliness (aOR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.06–1.20), stigma (aOR: 4.21; 95%CI: 1.79–9.88), and having coexisting chronic diseases (aOR: 4.09; 95%CI: 1.50-11.16) were more likely to be depressed. Conversely, ALHIV from households earning more than twice the minimum interprofessional wage were significantly less likely to suffer from depression (aOR: 0.25; 95%CI: 0.07–0.91). The same associations were observed for MHD.
conclusionThe study highlights a substantial mental health burden among ALHIV in Togo, with depression associated with loneliness, stigma, and comorbidities. Findings emphasize the integration of routine mental health screening into HIV care and tailoring stigma-reduction and economic-support strategies. These results form a critical foundation for national mental health programs addressing ALHIV in Togo.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.