ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Gender disparities in high-risk pulmonary embolism: a nationwide analysis of management strategies and clinical outcomes.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sex Differences as Predictors of In-Hospital Outcome in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) remains a significant cause of cardiovascular mortality. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, gender disparities in high-risk PE management and outcomes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate gender-based differences in the presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with high-risk PE.
methodsWe analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample for patients with high-risk PE from 2016 to 2021. High-risk PE was defined as PE with cardiogenic shock, mechanical ventilation, mechanical circulatory support, or vasopressors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine gender-based differences in management and outcomes.
resultsOf 45,140 patients with high-risk PE, 51.4% were female. Female patients were older (mean age 65.2 vs. 63.4 years, p < 0.001) and more likely to present with cardiac arrest (35.4% vs. 30.4%, p < 0.001). After adjustment, females were more likely to receive systemic thrombolysis (aOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.11–1.23, p < 0.001) but less likely to undergo catheter-directed embolectomy (aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.99, p = 0.034) or surgical embolectomy/thrombectomy (aOR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.93, p = 0.002). Female patients experienced higher risk of all-cause mortality (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.18–1.27, p < 0.001) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.16–1.25, p < 0.001).
conclusionSignificant gender disparities exist in the management and outcomes of high-risk PE. Female patients have higher mortality rates despite being more likely to receive systemic thrombolysis. Further research is needed to understand and address these disparities to improve outcomes for all patients with high-risk PE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.