Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41125869›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026

Targeting immunosuppressive myeloid cells via implant-mediated slow release of small molecules to prevent glioblastoma recurrence.

Yannik Kaiser, Christopher S Garris, Eliana Marinari, Hyung Shik Kim, Juhyun Oh, Martin Pedard, Elias A Halabi, Moonhyun Choi, Sepideh Parvanian, Rainer Kohler and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Beyond conceptual advances in cancer therapies.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Targeting myeloid cell polarization to prevent GBM recurrence.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yannik KaiserCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Christopher S GarrisCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5764-6203
Eliana MarinariDepartment of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Hyung Shik KimCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Juhyun OhCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Martin PedardDepartment of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Elias A HalabiCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Moonhyun ChoiCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Sepideh ParvanianCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Rainer KohlerCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6269-6590
Denis MiglioriniDepartment of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-3222
Ralph WeisslederCenter for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. rweissleder@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-4143

Funding

Temporal analysis of the GBM tumor microenvironment during myeloid cell activating therapyR01CA281735 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI RALPH WEISSLEDER, MD, PhD · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
Bioorthogonal probe development for highly parallel in vivo imagingR33CA277820 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI WEISSLEDER, MD, PHD, RALPH · 2023 to 2025
$1.2M
Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (German Academic Exchange Service) German Academic Exchange ServiceNCI NIH HHS R01 CA281735NCI NIH HHS R33 CA277820U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) R01CA281735U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) R33CA277820
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumour with a high risk of recurrence after surgery, even when combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A major barrier to lasting treatment is the tumour's immunosuppressive environment, which is largely dominated by myeloid cells. Here we describe the development of a biodegradable implant to sustainably release immune-modulator small molecules to reprogram tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells toward a pro-inflammatory, antitumour phenotype in the surgical cavity after tumour removal. In immunocompetent mouse models, this therapy induces interleukin-12 expression in myeloid cells without systemic cytokine elevation, and increases the infiltration of CD8

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaMyeloid CellsNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansInterleukin-12MiceMice, Inbred C57BLInterleukin-12

Identifiers

PMID41125869
PMCPMC13150848

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.