Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41125744›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Digital droplet PCR is an accurate and precise method to measure DNA copy number.

Shaobo Zhang, Evan A Rajadhyaksha, Farooq Syed, Jorge Canas, Vijay Saxena, Andrew L Schwaderer, David S Hains

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shaobo Zhang *Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Evan A Rajadhyaksha *Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Farooq SyedDepartment of Pediatrics and Herman B. Wells Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Jorge CanasDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Vijay SaxenaDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Andrew L SchwadererDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
David S HainsDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. dhains@iu.edu.

Funding

Indiana University Comprehensive Training in Clinical PharmacologyT32GM008425 · NIGMS · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI Zeruesenay Desta, Michael Thomas Eadon · 1992 to 2026
$7.7M
A mechanistic approach to intercalated cell phagocytosisR01DK136510 · NIDDK · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI David Sullivan Hains, Andrew Lawrence Schwaderer · 2024 to 2026
$2.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK136510NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008425NIGMS NIH HHS T32GM008425NIH HHS R01 DK136510-01A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

DNA copy number research is impeded by limited methodology to determine true DNA copy numbers accurately and precisely. Human alpha defensin 1-3 (DEFA1A3) is a multiallelic gene with DNA copy numbers generally ranging from 2 to 12 copies per diploid genome. In this study, we developed a digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) protocol using DEFA1A3 as a model locus. We compared these results to DNA copy numbers determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which is considered a gold standard in CNV identification, on 40 DNA samples from a clinical study cohort. Taqman real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was also compared, being the other major available low cost, high-throughput system. The copy number measurements of 40 genomic samples were highly concordant between ddPCR and PFGE, while copy number by qPCR correlated only weakly with PFGE copy number. In conclusion, ddPCR is a low-cost, high-throughput technique with accurate resolution of CNV at both low and high DNA copy numbers. This makes it an ideal model to adapt for CNV testing in clinical practice.

Indexed as

DNA Copy Number VariationsPolymerase Chain ReactionReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reactionalpha-DefensinsElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldHumansalpha-DefensinsCNVCopy typingDdPCRGeneticPFGEqPCR

Identifiers

PMID41125744
PMCPMC12546813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.