ArticleScientific reports2025
Adult sex ratio and declining birth rates in Birhan HDSS rural Ethiopia.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study examined the adult sex ratio and fertility rate at Birhan Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Globally, the sex ratio at birth and total population remains stable, with approximately 105.6 boys born for every 100 girls and 101 males born for every 100 females, respectively. Ethiopia's average population sex ratio is 101 males to 100 females. Fertility rates have declined globally since 1950, including in sub-Saharan Africa. Ethiopia's fertility rate decreased from 6.4 in 1990 to 4.6 in 2016. The HDSS monitors health and demographic conditions in both rural and urban areas, providing an updated sampling frame for nested studies. We used both the HDSS and the open cohort data to calculate key indicators, including Crude Birth Rate (CBR), General Fertility Rate (GFR), Total Fertility Rate (TFR), and Adult Sex Ratio (ASR). The study's strength lies in its comprehensive approach to pregnancy screening and birth outcome registration, yielding valuable data beyond traditional surveys. The mid-year population was 72,776, with a higher number of males (38,454) than females (34,322). Among individuals aged 15-24, women comprised 37.4% of the group, resulting in a sex ratio of 167.4 males per 100 females. For the broader reproductive age range (15-50 years), the sex ratio was 125 males per 100 females. In 2022, the TFR was 3.44 children per woman, reflecting a 25.22% decline compared to Ethiopia's national TFR of 4.6 in 2016. Other key fertility indicators also demonstrated notable reductions: the CBR was 19.98 per 1000 population, and the GFR was 104.78 per 1000 women of reproductive age, marking decreases of 37.24% and 32.83%, respectively, from the 2016 national averages. The findings indicate a youthful population with a higher male-to-female ratio, particularly among younger age groups. Fertility rates are notably lower compared to national figures. The decline may be attributed to gendered migration patterns and reduced conception risk among migrants, influenced by improved living conditions in urban areas and temporary separation from partners.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.