Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41125600›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Global invasion patterns and dynamics of disease vector mosquitoes.

Rebecca Pabst, Carla A Sousa, Franz Essl, Adrián García-Rodríguez, Daijun Liu, Bernd Lenzner, Anna Schertler, José Luís Zêzere, César Capinha

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rebecca PabstGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, LA-REAL, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, IHMT, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. pabst.rebecca@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-0572
Carla A SousaGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, LA-REAL, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, IHMT, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Franz EsslDivision of BioInvasions, Global Change and Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Adrián García-RodríguezDivision of BioInvasions, Global Change and Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9831-2963
Daijun LiuDivision of BioInvasions, Global Change and Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-0832
Bernd LenznerDivision of BioInvasions, Global Change and Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-3479
Anna SchertlerDivision of BioInvasions, Global Change and Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-7719
José Luís ZêzereCentre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory TERRA, Lisboa, Portugal.
César CapinhaCentre of Geographical Studies, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory TERRA, Lisboa, Portugal. cesarcapinha@edu.ulisboa.pt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0666-9755

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mosquitoes are major vectors of human diseases, and their geographic expansion is primarily driven by the unintentional, human mediated introduction beyond their native ranges. Despite the substantial public health implications and rising numbers of disease outbreaks, a global picture of the introduction trends and the resulting range expansions of mosquitoes is missing. Here, we present a comprehensive and up-to-date compilation and analysis of reported first records of human disease vector mosquitoes worldwide. We show that 45 mosquito species (~25% of those known to transmit human pathogens) have been introduced worldwide, with 28 species having established in at least one region. From the 1950's onwards, the introduction of new species has increased sharply, with 12 species recorded for the first time outside their native range since 2000 alone. Initially, most introduced species were native to Africa, but over time, Asian species have become more dominant. North America, Australia and Europe remain the main recipients. Our results highlight the role of global trade and transportation in mosquito spread and emphasizes the need for international cooperation to control their spread and potential threat to public health.

Indexed as

CulicidaeIntroduced SpeciesMosquito VectorsAnimal DistributionAnimalsHumans

Identifiers

PMID41125600
PMCPMC12546602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.