Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41123892›Full record

ArticleJAMA network open2025

Trial Enrollment and Survival Disparities Among Patients With Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma.

Caitlin Ruth Johnson, Alex A Francoeur, Amandeep Grewal, Natalie L Ayoub, Michael T Richardson, Daniel S Kapp, Kathleen M Darcy, Chunqiao Tian, John K Chan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Caitlin Ruth JohnsonSutter Health, Walnut Creek, California.
Alex A FrancoeurDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange.
Amandeep GrewalSutter Health, Walnut Creek, California.
Natalie L AyoubDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange.
Michael T RichardsonDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Daniel S KappDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
Kathleen M DarcyGynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
Chunqiao TianGynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
John K ChanSutter Health, Walnut Creek, California.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: Racial differences in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) might result in survival inequities. Objective: To evaluate enrollment and outcomes by race in Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) randomized clinical trials (RCTs) among patients with EOC. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used ancillary data from completed RCTs using protocols GOG-111, GOG-114, GOG-158, and GOG-172 under a data sharing agreement with National Research Group Oncology. Patients with stage III or IV EOC in first-line RCT protocol GOG-111 had suboptimally resected disease, whereas those in GOG-114, GOG-158, or GOG-172 had optimally resected disease. RCTs were conducted and published between 1996 and 2006, and data for this study were analyzed in August 2024. Exposure: Race was categorized as Asian, Black or African American (Black), or White or Caucasian (White). Patients of other races were excluded. Spanish ethnicity and additional details regarding residual disease status were not available for analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures: Overall survival (OS) was the primary end point and progression-free survival (PFS) was the secondary end point, evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional-hazards modeling and log-rank testing. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: This study included 1903 evaluable participants, of whom 35 (1.84%) self-identified as Asian, 121 (6.36%) as Black, and 1747 (91.80%) as White. Black patients had lower OS (median [IQR], 36.8 [19.2-73.4] months) than Asian (50.9 [23.9-109.2] months) or White (48.4 [24.5-93.4] months) patients (P = .03), with a higher risk of death than White patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06-1.59; P = .01). PFS and adjusted risk of disease progression were statistically similar across racial groups. Median (IQR) PFS was 18.9 (9.7-84.6), 18.0 (9.1-34.0), and 19.7 (11.5-43.3) months among Asian, Black, and White patients, respectively (P = .08). Adjusted risk of disease progression was similar for Black patients compared with White patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00-1.47; P = .06). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study, Black and Asian patients were underrepresented in RCT trial populations. Black patients had lower OS than White and Asian patients but similar PFS. Equitable enrollment in clinical trials ensures access to cutting-edge treatments and can lead to outcomes comparable to those of White counterparts. Sustained efforts to improve RCT diversity remain essential to long-term equity in cancer care and survival.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Ovarian EpithelialHealthcare DisparitiesOvarian NeoplasmsPatient SelectionRacial GroupsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAdultAgedBlack or African AmericanCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID41123892
PMCPMC12547579

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.