ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2026
Remission rates and long-term outcomes of relapsed pediatric nephrotic syndrome: cyclophosphamide vs. cyclosporin A.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunosuppressive drugs are required for childhood frequent-relapse nephrotic syndrome (FRNS), steroid-dependent NS (SDNS), or steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). However, the benefits of immunosuppressants need to be balanced with their known side effects. This study aimed to compare remission rates of FRNS, SDNS, and SRNS in children treated with cyclophosphamide versus cyclosporin A (Cy A).
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children diagnosed with NS at Prince of Songkla University Hospital, Thailand. Remission rates and complications in patients with FRNS/SDNS and SRNS were compared among those treated with oral cyclophosphamide, Cy A, or cyclophosphamide followed by Cy A.
resultsAmong 148 children (102 boys, 68.9%), the median age was 4.6 years (IQR 2.5-8.4). FRNS, SDNS, and SRNS were diagnosed in 37 (25.0%), 50 (33.8%), and 61 (41.2%) children, respectively. Among 87 FRNS/SDNS patients, 67 were treated with cyclophosphamide, 2 with Cy A, and 18 with cyclophosphamide followed by Cy A. There were no statistically significant differences in remission rates or complications among the treatment groups. Among 61 SRNS patients, 27 were treated with cyclophosphamide, 11 with Cy A, and 23 with cyclophosphamide followed by Cy A. The remission rates were 29.6%, 72.7%, and 43.5%, respectively. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported in 14.8%, 18.2%, and 52.2% of patients, respectively.
conclusionsIn FRNS/SDNS patients, remission rates were comparable between cyclophosphamide and Cy A treatments. In SRNS patients, Cy A treatment resulted in a higher remission rate than cyclophosphamide but was associated with a greater incidence of AKI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41123654What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.