ArticleSleep2026
Association between slow-wave activity from multi-night at-home wireless EEG records and cognitive performance in older adults.
Article in Sleep, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
STUDY
objectivesEvidence for the association between slow-wave sleep and cognitive function in older adults has been inconsistent. We measured the variability in-home electroencephalography (EEG) recordings over multiple nights to determine its impact on the association between sleep slow wave measures and cognition.
methodsParticipants were 49 (26 females) community-dwelling older adults (median age 75.3 years) who were functionally independent and without cognitive impairment or self-reported sleep disorders. Each contributed eight nights of at-home EEG headband sleep recordings (Dreem Headband, Beacon Biosignals, Boston, USA). Night-to-night variability in sleep stage percentage and spectral power in SWA (0.8-4.5 Hz), Theta (4.5-7.5 Hz), Alpha (8-12 Hz), and Sigma (11-15 Hz) was determined using the coefficient of variation (CV). CV of <20% was considered stable. Correlation between stable sleep metrics and multi-domain cognitive performance was assessed.
resultsMost older adults independently operated the Dreem band with good acceptability. Night-to-night variability in the current sample (n = 49; 302 nights) was high for N3% (CV = 47%), moderate for rapid eye movement (REM)% (CV = 22%), and low for N2% and relative power from all frequency bands (CV = 3%-17%). Only relative slow-wave activity (SWA) (0.8-4.5 Hz) was significantly associated with global cognition, when considering both averaged (r = 0.55, p < .001) and single-night (r = 0.2-0.5) assessments.
conclusionsWearable EEG can reliably collect at-home, multi-night sleep data in older adults. SWA but not N3 duration showed high night-to-night stability within each participant and was the only measure significantly and robustly associated with cognitive function.
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