Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41122600›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

The Radiological Mimicry of Ring-Enhancing Lesions: Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Masquerading as Metastatic Disease.

Sai S Bhiraju, Emil John, Raamish Asad Raza, Mashrur Ahmed, Lior Fengas, Sharafath Hussain Zahir Hussain

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Cerebral toxoplasmosis: Parasitology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention - a narrative review.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sai S BhirajuMedicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, GBR.
Emil JohnMedicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, GBR.
Raamish Asad RazaEmergency Medicine, Poole General Hospital, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, GBR.
Mashrur AhmedMedicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, GBR.
Lior FengasAcute Medicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, GBR.
Sharafath Hussain Zahir HussainMedicine, Milton Keynes University Hospital, Milton Keynes, GBR.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A 42-year-old man presented with progressive confusion and was found to have multiple intracranial lesions with surrounding vasogenic oedema on non-contrast computed tomography (CT), initially raising suspicion for metastatic brain disease. Subsequent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple ring-enhancing lesions, indicating the consideration of alternative diagnoses, particularly opportunistic infections. Further workup confirmed undiagnosed HIV/AIDS with severe immunosuppression and positive

Indexed as

cerebral toxoplasmosiscns lymphomahiv/aidshiv-associated neurocognitive disordershiv neuroinfectionsneuroradiologyring-enhancing lesions

Identifiers

PMID41122600
PMCPMC12536235

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.