ArticleCureus2025
QT Interval Prolongation in Chronic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic liver disease (CLD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its association with cardiovascular complications, particularly QT interval prolongation and arrhythmias, remains underexplored.
objectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of QT prolongation and cardiac rhythm disturbances in patients with CLD and to explore contributing factors, including liver disease severity, electrolyte abnormalities, and diuretic use.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at Warrington Hospital, Warrington, UK, from June 2024 to June 2025. A total of 155 consecutive patients suffering from CLD were added to the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and all participants underwent a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess QT interval.
resultsA total of 155 patients with CLD were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 56.3 ± 12.1 years. Out of these, 60% (n = 93) were male, and 40% (n = 62) were female. Fifty-nine (38%) of patients had prolonged QT intervals, with 29 (45%) of those with cirrhosis showing QT prolongation compared to 30 (19%) in non-cirrhotic patients. Electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia (54, 35%) and hypomagnesemia (42, 27%), were more prevalent in patients with prolonged QTc intervals. Arrhythmias were detected in 70 (45%) of patients, with atrial fibrillation being the most common, occurring in 37 (24%). The presence of QT prolongation was significantly associated with an increased incidence of arrhythmias (58% vs. 30%, p = 0.002). Diuretic use was strongly associated with both QT prolongation (p = 0.005) and arrhythmias (p = 0.02). The mortality rate in the study cohort was nine (6%), with higher mortality observed in patients with both QT prolongation and arrhythmias (three, 10%).
conclusionQT interval prolongation and cardiac rhythm disturbances are highly prevalent in patients with CLD, especially those with cirrhosis and advanced disease. Electrolyte abnormalities and diuretic use were major contributors to these abnormalities.
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