ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2026
Perinatal hardship and infant neurodevelopment: insights from a global pandemic.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMaterial and emotional hardship during pregnancy can shape early brain development and behavior in infants. This study used the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural context in which such hardships were widespread, particularly in low-resource settings.
methodsThis cohort study examined associations between pandemic-related maternal emotional distress and material hardship during pregnancy and early neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants. A total of 235 mother-infant dyads from low-resource healthcare settings in Brazil were enrolled during the COVID-19 pandemic. Maternal hardships were assessed using a COVID-19-specific questionnaire, which included self-reported COVID-19 exposure/infection. Infant neurodevelopment was evaluated via MRI at 2-6 weeks of age and behavioral assessments at 14 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development.
resultsMaterial hardship was associated with reduced hippocampal volumes in the left (p
conclusionsMaterial hardship may adversely affect early neurodevelopment, particularly hippocampal structure and connectivity, with potential downstream effects on motor skills. These findings underscore the importance of addressing material hardship during the perinatal period to support infant brain health and development.
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