A case study on litter management and clean environment index in small tourism cities.

Sanaz Rahimi Hezarvand, Maryam Morovati, Sheida Parsa, Javad Torkashvand

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sanaz Rahimi HezarvandDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.

Maryam MorovatiDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. mymorovati@ardakan.ac.ir.

Sheida ParsaDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, California State University, Northridge, USA.

Javad TorkashvandDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Litter is one of the main pollutants of the urban environment that can have a negative effect on tourism. In this study, the density and composition of litter in a tourist city in the center of Iran was investigated. For this purpose, the status of the urban environment in different land-uses was monitored for nine months and the clean environment index was used to interpret the data. The results showed that the density of litter in the studied city environment was influenced by temporal and spatial variations. The average density in cold and warm seasons was 0.547 items/m

Indexed as

LitterSolid waste managementUrban environment

Identifiers

PMID41120697

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-20688-1

PMCPMC12540696

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.