Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41120570›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026

CCR5-targeted allogeneic gamma-delta CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells for HIV-associated B cell-malignancy immunotherapy.

Ángel Ramírez-Fernández, Alexander J Dimitri, Fang Chen, Robert Bartoszek, Gregory M Chen, Laura Córdoba-Espejo, Yuqi Zhou, Yun-Hsin Tang, Chien-Ting Lin, Reyes Acosta and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. γδ T cells and cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Ángel Ramírez-Fernández *Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. angel.ramirez-fernandez@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-6878
Alexander J Dimitri *Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Fang ChenCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-3887
Robert BartoszekDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Gregory M ChenDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Laura Córdoba-EspejoCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Yuqi ZhouDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Yun-Hsin TangCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Chien-Ting LinCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-4505
Reyes AcostaDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
John SchollerCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Guido GhilardiCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Patrizia PorazziCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-7482
Mireia PellicerLymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
Núria Profitós-PelejàLymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8923-6025
Stefan K BartaLymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Anne ChewCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Julie K JadlowskyCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5115-1321
Vanessa E GonzalezCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Donald L SiegelCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2098-2251
Bruce L LevineCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6971-8465
Gaël RouéLymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0245-2257
Marco RuellaCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-5811
Michael T LotzeHillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Carl H JuneCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0241-3557
James L RileyDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1057-576X
Joseph A FraiettaDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. jfrai@upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7900-8993

Funding

Project 3: Combinatorial and gene-editing approaches to enhance the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy of multiple myeloma.P01CA214278 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Joseph Anthony Fraietta · 2017 to 2026
$26.8M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA214278
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune-based cell therapy offers a promising approach to cancer treatment. While autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown success, production is time-consuming, costly and patient specific. Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells are promising for 'off-the-shelf' CAR T cell therapy. However, clinical translation of γδ CAR T cells is hampered by low frequency, resistance to genetic manipulation and advanced differentiation after expansion, limiting therapeutic feasibility. Here we demonstrate a method for in vitro activation and expansion of peripheral blood γδ T cells, facilitating high rates of gene editing and efficient CAR integration. Using artificial antigen-presenting cells, we produce minimally differentiated, highly functional γδ CAR T cells. By targeting a US Food and Drug Administration-approved CD19 CAR to the CCR5 locus, we generate CCR5-deficient γδ CD19 CAR T cells (γδ CCR5KI-CAR19), which demonstrated resistance to HIV-mediated depletion and robust antitumour responses against B cell lymphoma and leukaemia. γδ CCR5KI-CAR19 T cells enable the immunotherapy of HIV-associated B cell malignancies. These studies provide preclinical evidence supporting large-scale development of potent allogeneic γδ CAR T cells for diverse immunotherapies.

Indexed as

Antigens, CD19HIV InfectionsImmunotherapy, AdoptiveLymphoma, B-CellReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, CCR5Receptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesAnimalsHumansImmunotherapyMiceAntigens, CD19CCR5 protein, humanReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, CCR5Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.