CIRE: A Chinese EEG Dataset for decoding speech intention modulated by prosodic emotion.

Neural decoding of speech intention could advance the development and application of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. Currently, lack of dataset limited the research on decoding the true speech intention, especially the diverse intentions expressed by the same text when no context is given. This study provides an EEG dataset, CIRE, on spoken language interaction intention featuring aligned textual expressions with divergent intentional meanings due to the differences in prosodic emotion. The dataset comprises preprocessed high-density (128-channel) EEG recordings from 38 participants engaged in comprehension of attitude-conveying speech stimuli, accompanied by Wav2vec2-derived acoustic embeddings of the listening materials. To validate our dataset through cognitive neuroscience studies and binary intent classification, we applied signal processing pipelines, cognitive analysis frameworks, and machine learning (ML) approaches. Our baseline model achieved a cross-subject classification accuracy of 68.2%, with differences exhibiting interpretable neurophysiological correlates. The high-density and high temporal resolution EEG data offer broader application areas, both in cognitive neuroscience and speech BCI, and can also contribute to the brain-inspired algorithms.