ArticleBMJ open2025
Workplace culture of health and self-management behaviours among employees with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional moderated mediation study in urban China.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Among Patients Attending Mbale Regional Referral Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Uganda.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo examine (1) the mediating roles of self-efficacy and future-oriented time perspective (FTP) in the association between workplace culture of health (COH) and diabetes self-management and (2) the moderating effect of diabetes distress on the relationship between self-efficacy and FTP among employees with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
designA cross-sectional survey.
settingThis study was conducted among employees with T2DM recruited from the Endocrinology Outpatient Departments at three tertiary hospitals in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China, between March and October 2024.
participantsThe participants were 462 employees with T2DM who had been employed at their current organisations for at least 3 months following their T2DM diagnosis.
methodsData on demographics, diabetes-related and work-related factors, workplace COH, self-efficacy, time perspective, diabetes distress and self-management performance were collected via a survey. The moderated mediation effects were examined using Hayes's PROCESS macro.
resultsWorkplace COH was associated with diabetes self-management both directly (β=0.251, 95% CI 0.080 to 0.422, p<0.01) and indirectly (indirect effect=0.303, 95% CI 0.190 to 0.419). Two significant indirect pathways were identified: (1) workplace COH → self-efficacy → diabetes self-management (indirect effect=0.207, 95% CI 0.110 to 0.308); (2) workplace COH → self-efficacy → FTP → diabetes self-management (indirect effect=0.093, 95% CI 0.051 to 0.144). However, the indirect pathway: workplace COH → FTP → diabetes self-management was not significant (indirect effect=0.004, 95% CI -0.055 to 0.063). Additionally, a significant interaction (β=-0.356, 95% CI -0.566 to -0.146, p<0.01) indicated that diabetes distress moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and FTP.
conclusionThis study demonstrated that workplace COH was associated with diabetes self-management both directly and indirectly, specifically through self-efficacy alone and serially through self-efficacy and FTP; it also confirmed that diabetes distress weakens the effect of self-efficacy on FTP, thereby providing a basis for developing interventions to improve self-management among employees with T2DM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.