Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41117944›Full record

ReviewIntensive care medicine2025

Invasive candidiasis in intensive care medicine: shaping the future of diagnosis and therapy.

Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Oliver A Cornely, David W Denning, Jesús Guinea, Matteo Bassetti, Johan Maertens, Martin Hoenigl, Souha S Kanj, Monica Slavin, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Intensive care medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Observational
  3. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Zinc oxide nanoparticles againstFrontiers in antibiotics · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ignacio Martin-LoechesDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. drmartinloeches@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-5834-4063
Oliver A CornelyFaculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.
David W DenningManchester Fungal Infection Group, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
Jesús GuineaClinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Matteo BassettiDepartment of Health Science, Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Genoa and Policlinico San Martino Hospital-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy.
Johan MaertensDepartment of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.
Martin HoeniglDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Souha S KanjDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Monica SlavinDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Melbourne, Australia.
Luis Ostrosky-ZeichnerDivision of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
Patricia MuñozClinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInvasive candidiasis (IC) remains one of the most challenging infections in critical care, contributing significantly to morbidity, prolonged organ support, and mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The clinical landscape of IC is evolving, with increasing recognition of Candida non-albicans species and other yeasts formerly classified as Candida spp., alongside emerging multidrug resistance and growing complexity in host immune profiles.

objectivesThis contemporary, multidisciplinary narrative review-authored by intensivists, infectious diseases specialists, clinical microbiologists, and pharmacologists-aims to provide ICU clinicians with practical, up-to-date insights into the diagnosis and management of IC. To maintain clinical focus, the review excludes non-IC fungal infections and non-ICU patient populations.

methodsRelevant literature and expert consensus were critically reviewed to summarize current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for IC in critically ill patients. Emphasis was placed on pragmatic clinical application, diagnostic limitations, antifungal stewardship, and personalized therapeutic decision-making.

resultsDespite the availability of novel antifungal agents with improved pharmacokinetic properties, treatment success in IC depends equally on timely and accurate diagnosis and individualized, context-aware therapy. Blood cultures continue to demonstrate limited sensitivity (~40%). Non-culture assays, including β-D-glucan and molecular diagnostics, provide faster detection and high negative predictive value but suffer from low positive predictive value and inconsistent adoption in clinical practice. The absence of validated host-derived biomarkers further limits risk stratification, antifungal discontinuation decisions, and personalized care.

conclusionsEmerging antifungal agents, stewardship strategies, and multidisciplinary care models are essential to improve clinical outcomes and reduce antifungal resistance. This review underscores the need for integrated, team-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to close persistent gaps in IC management, ultimately promoting more effective, timely, and individualized care for critically ill patients with Candida spp. INFECTIONS:

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsCandidiasis, InvasiveCritical CareCandidaCritical IllnessHumansIntensive Care UnitsAntifungal AgentsAntifungal therapyCandida speciesCritical careDiagnostic stewardshipIntensive care unitInvasive candidiasisβ-D-glucan

Identifiers

PMID41117944

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.