Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41117706›Full record

ArticleCancer research2026

Chemotherapy-Treated Breast Cancer Cells Activate the WNT Signaling Pathway to Enter a Diapause-Like Early Persister State.

Youssef El Laithy, Willy Antoni Abreu De Oliveira, Anirudh Pabba, Alessandra Qualizza, Gwenny Cosemans, Paula Garcia-Diaz, François Richard, Paraskevi Athanasouli, Carla Rios Luci, Wout De Wispelaere and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Youssef El LaithyDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-8576-4231
Willy Antoni Abreu De OliveiraDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-1783-4522
Anirudh PabbaDepartment of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2002-6956
Alessandra QualizzaDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0002-2002-503X
Gwenny CosemansDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-4781-1586
Paula Garcia-DiazDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0001-5352-8330
François RichardDepartment of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-4353-3619
Paraskevi AthanasouliDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-9504-7562
Carla Rios LuciDepartment of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8636-1509
Wout De WispelaereGynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-7513-9002
Larissa MouraoLaboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Department of Oncology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8046-5366
Siân HamerPreclinical Modelling of Pediatric Cancer Evolution, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0235-6786
Stijn MoensGynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-3308-133X
Anchel De Jaime-SogueroDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-9358-3676
Maria Francesca BaiettiTRACE - Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1495-226X
Stefan J HuttenDivision of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5395-8392
Jos JonkersDivision of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9264-9792
Stephen-John SammutBreast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-4472-904X
Stefaan SoenenDepartment of Imaging and Pathology, NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2390-3133
Colinda L G J ScheeleLaboratory of Intravital Microscopy and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, Department of Oncology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8999-5451
Alejandra BrunaPreclinical Modelling of Pediatric Cancer Evolution, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-1214-9665
Christine DesmedtDepartment of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5223-5579
Daniela AnnibaliGynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8413-7669
Frederic LluisDepartment of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-7296-7611

Funding

Mapping ductal carcinoma in situ in space and time to reveal biomarkers that can predict invasive riskR21CA277279 · NCI · FLANDERS INTERUNIV INST BIOTECHNOLOGY · PI SCHEELE, COLINDA · 2024 to 2025
$273k
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) 11L8824NFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) 11M7822NFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) G073223NFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) G073622NFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) G091521NKom op tegen Kanker (Fight Cancer) Emmanuel van der Scheuren FellowshipKU Leuven (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) C14/21/115KU Leuven (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) Fund professor Marc BoogaertsKU Leuven (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) Postdoctoral Mandate FellowshipKWF Kankerbestrijding (DCS)National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21CA277279NCI NIH HHS R21 CA277279Oncode InstituteStichting Tegen Kanker (Fondation Contre le Cancer) EBR-E4757-2023-045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer cells can acquire a reversible, dormant drug-tolerant persister state mimicking embryonic diapause to evade therapy pressure. Deciphering the precise mechanisms driving cancer cells into or out of a diapause-like persister cell state could provide strategies to overcome resistance. In this study, we showed that following chemotherapy, diverse therapeutic agents converge on WNT pathway activation to induce a de novo diapause-like cell state across various triple-negative breast cancer cell line, xenograft, and patient-derived organoid models. Among early persister cells, only transcriptionally WNT-active persisters exhibited the transcriptional and functional characteristics typical of diapause-like cells, including a negative correlation with MYC transcriptional activity and reversible restricted proliferation. The WNT signaling pathway functioned as both an inducer and biomarker of the diapause-like early persister cell state in both parental (chemotherapy-naïve) and chemotherapy-treated cells. Entry into and exit from the diapause-like early persister cell state was triggered by the transcriptional upregulation of components essential for canonical WNT ligand secretion. A combinatorial treatment strategy inhibiting WNT ligand secretion alongside chemotherapy effectively targeted the early mechanisms underlying the acquisition and enrichment of a diapause-like cell phenotype. These findings reveal WNT pathway activation as an early event that leads to a reversible diapause-like persister state and highlight the potential of targeting this axis to prevent the development of drug-resistant populations before they are firmly established. SIGNIFICANCE: WNT signaling is a crucial driver and biomarker of a reversible, dormant, diapause-like persister state in breast cancer cells, offering insights that could transform therapeutic strategies to disrupt tumor persistence.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsWnt Signaling PathwayAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMiceXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic Agents

Identifiers

PMID41117706
PMCPMC12809118

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.