ArticleJournal of medical virology2025
Varicella-Zoster Virus-Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Response Kinetics and Latent Viral Load Depending on Aging.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Current advances in the epidemiology, risk factors, prevention, management, and long-term outcomes of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Disseminated herpes zoster following tear gas exposure in a patient on upadacitinib.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- Cutaneous-Tropism Viruses: Unraveling Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Immunoprophylactic Strategies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immunosenescence as a driver of the transition from frailty to multimorbidity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Post-COVID varicella-zoster virus reactivation: lowering the immunological threshold for latency breakdown.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Herpes zoster burden in a private healthcare setting of Argentina.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Varicella-Zoster Virus-Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Response Kinetics and Latent Viral Load Depending on Aging.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ), an infection caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, results from an age-related decline in VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) precisely quantifies latent VZV DNA in the blood, a potential biomarker of subclinical viral reactivation and its association with HZ risk. This study assessed VZV-specific CMI, latent viral burden, and humoral immunity in healthy adults according to age. We prospectively enrolled healthy adults aged between 40 and 80 years between February and April 2024. VZV-specific CMI was quantified using interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay, latent VZV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using ddPCR, and VZV-specific IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. VZV-specific CMI declined significantly from age 40 (r = -0.356, p = 0.001). Latent VZV burden increased from age 50 (r = 0.459, p < 0.001). VZV-specific antibody levels showed no significant association with age (r = 0.004, p = 0.967). VZV-specific T cell responses were lower in ddPCR-positive compared with ddPCR-negative individuals (p = 0.095), although the difference was not statistically significant. VZV-specific CMI declined from age 40, while latent viral load increased from age 50. Our findings suggest that ddPCR-based quantification of latent VZV DNA may serve as a biomarker of subclinical viral reactivation, potentially informing HZ risk stratification and vaccination strategies. Further studies are required to validate the predictive value of ddPCR in identifying individuals at high risk of developing HZ.
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Registered trials
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