Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41116269›Full record

ReviewMini reviews in medicinal chemistry2025

Synthesis and Biological Properties of Isatin-indole Hybrids: A Review.

Gurbir Kaur, Divya Utreja, Shivali Sharma

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Gurbir KaurDepartment of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.
Divya UtrejaDepartment of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.
Shivali SharmaDepartment of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIsatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and indole are versatile scaffolds with diverse pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, anticonvulsant, antiinflammatory, and analgesic effects. Isatin-indole hybrids have emerged as multifunctional agents with significant potential in drug discovery.

methodsA literature survey (2010-2025) across major databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ACS, etc.) included reports on synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis.

resultsNumerous synthetic approaches, including both conventional and green methods, have yielded a diverse range of isatin-indole derivatives. Many exhibited potent antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and antitubercular activities, with SAR studies highlighting the impact of substitution patterns on activity and selectivity. DISCUSSION: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of hybrid molecules in which the isatin core is covalently linked to an indole scaffold. It focuses on their synthesis, diverse biological activities and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies from 2001 onwards.

conclusionThis review provides a concise summary of the latest developments and future outlook for the therapeutic potential of isatin-indole hybrids in the development of potent bioactive drugs.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsIndolesIsatinAnimalsAntioxidantsHumansMolecular StructureStructure-Activity RelationshipAnti-Infective AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsAntioxidantsIndolesIsatinagrochemicalanticancerantimicrobialantioxidantantiviralindoleIsatinstructure-activity relationship.

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.