ArticleJournal of manufacturing science and engineering2024
Design and Fabrication of In-House Nozzle System to Extrude Multi-Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting Process.
Article in Journal of manufacturing science and engineering, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Study of Printable and Biocompatible Alginate-Carbon Hydrogels for Sensor Applications: Mechanical, Electrical, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Commercially available bioinks and state-of-the-art lab-made formulations for bone tissue engineering: A comprehensive review.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Effects of Coaxial Nozzle's Inner Nozzle Diameter on Filament Strength and Gelation in Extrusion-Based 3D Printing with In Situ Ionic Crosslinking.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring Applications and Preparation Techniques for Cellulose Hydrogels: A Comprehensive Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The field of 3D bioprinting is rapidly expanding as researchers strive to create functional tissues for medical and pharmaceutical purposes. The ability to print multiple materials, each containing various living cells, brings us closer to achieving tissue regeneration. Deliberately transitioning between different material types encapsulating distinct cells and extruding through a single outlet, can lead to the achievement of user-defined material distribution, which is still challenging. In a previous study, we designed a Y-shaped nozzle connector system that allowed for continuous deposition of multiple materials through a single outlet. This system was made of plastic and had a fixed switching angle, rendering it suitable for a single use. In this article, we present the updated version of our nozzle system, which includes a range of angles (30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg) between the two materials. Changing the angles helps us figure out how that affects the control of backflow and minimizes the overall material switching time in the nozzle. We used stainless steel as the fabrication material and recorded the overall material switching time, comparing the effects of the various angles. Our previously developed hybrid hydrogel, which comprised 4% alginate and 4% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), was used as a test material to flow through the nozzle system. The in-house fabricated nozzle connectors are reusable, sterile, and easy to clean, ensuring a smooth material transition and flow. Our proposition can offer to achieve user-defined material distribution across a given region with appropriate selection of rheology and printing process parameters.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.