Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41112936›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2025

Treating job-related stress with psychedelic group therapy: a case series on group ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for healthcare workers and first responders.

Luke Flynn, Martin Krsak, Mary Rondeau, Danielle McCarty, Melanie Walker, Doreen Horan, Steve Forstner, Scott Shannon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Luke FlynnWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Martin KrsakDepartment of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045-2581, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-7462
Mary RondeauWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Danielle McCartyWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Melanie WalkerWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Doreen HoranWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Steve ForstnerWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Scott ShannonWholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Job-related stress and its extreme form, burnout, continue to affect almost half of all frontline healthcare workers and first responders. Current treatments are inadequate. Objectives: To evaluate a model of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) delivered in a group format to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, and burnout via repeated measures of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, PTSD Checklist (PCL)-5, and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Design: A retrospective cohort analysis of KAP's effect on GAD-7-item scale, PHQ-9-item scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and MBI. GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PCL-5 were administered prior to the first group meeting, on the last group date, and 2 weeks after the completion of the final session. MBI was measured twice, as a pre- and post-intervention test. Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-30) was collected at each integration. Methods: Participants were recruited via self-referrals and professional collaborations. Participants were screened into groups of six after completing a medical evaluation to rule out contraindications. The seven-week program included three ketamine sessions and four group psychotherapy sessions. Descriptive statistics of the cohort, pre- and post-KAP measurement comparisons, regression modeling, and visualizations were prepared. Results: Median age was 41 years (24-60), 44% female, and 3% transgender. Participants were 97% White and 3% Hispanic. Many were receiving treatment for depression (59%), anxiety (50%), PTSD (34%), addictive disorders (37%), and other behavioral health conditions (37%). Median pre- versus post-KAP scores for GAD-7 (9.5 vs 6, Conclusion: KAP in group settings may offer a rapid reduction in depression, anxiety, and trauma-related symptoms. Adverse events were rare. This psychedelically oriented treatment model may represent a viable intervention for epidemic job-related stress in the healthcare workplace and larger controlled studies are warranted.

Indexed as

burnoutfirst respondersgroup therapyjob-related stressketaminemental healthpsychedelics

Identifiers

PMID41112936
PMCPMC12534798

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.