ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025
KAP1 in antiviral immunity: dual roles in viral silencing and immune regulation.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Updates on the role of TRIM proteins in AIDS: molecular mechanisms and potential for interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CBX8 suppresses autophagy-dependent senescence in colorectal cancer by modulating the mTOR signaling pathway.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- CRM1-dependent nuclear export of TRIM28 promotes MAVS K48-linked ubiquitination and suppresses RIG-I-mediated antiviral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-associated protein 1 (KAP1), also known as TRIM28 due to its tripartite motif (TRIM) domain, is a member of the transcription intermediary factor 1 (TIF1) family. Since its discovery in 1996, KAP1 has been widely studied as a scaffold protein involved in histone methylation, heterochromatin formation, and genome maintenance. Its function and stability are dynamically regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, SUMOylation, and acetylation. In addition, KAP1 serves as a signal transducer via its SUMO/ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. This review summarizes current advances in understanding the roles of KAP1 in regulating retroviruses (RVs), herpesviruses, and emerging respiratory viruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV), with a particular focus on the interplay between its structural domains and physiological functions. Recent findings on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are highlighted to address ongoing mechanistic controversies, particularly those involving KAP1-mediated latency control. We further examine novel insights into KAP1's involvement in other viruses, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and African swine fever virus (ASFV). as well as its emerging regulatory roles in host innate immune responses through PTM-mediated modulation of antiviral signaling pathways. Although KAP1 exerts both antiviral and proviral effects, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined, especially in systems where conflicting observations exist for the same pathogen. These discrepancies-reflecting both methodological variation and KAP1's inherent regulatory complexity-underscore the need for deeper mechanistic insight. Future studies utilizing precise genetic tools and
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