ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Visualizing early allograft rejection: an M1 macrophage-specific GLUT1 probe predicts TCMR onset in renal transplantation.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Macrophage metabolic reprogramming in organ transplantation: mechanisms, transplant outcomes, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Background: T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) represents a leading cause of graft dysfunction and even patient mortality following transplantation. Percutaneous biopsy for monitoring T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) presents several inherent limitations, including its invasive nature, the risk of procedure-related infections, potential iatrogenic injury to the graft kidney, and issues related to delayed monitoring. This study seeks to identify novel monitoring modalities to achieve early, non-invasive, dynamic monitoring of allograft rejection. Methods: The transplanted kidneys of Wistar-SD allogeneic kidney transplantation rats were analyzed by pathological methods and single-cell sequencing technology to identify the upregulated targets when rejection occurs. Based on these targets, a library was constructed and screened to obtain fluorescent probes for specific monitoring of rejection. After completing the safety verification of the probes, flow cytometry and Results: In this study, we rationally developed a near-infrared fluorescent probe, XJYZ, for the Conclusions: M1-type macrophages are recruited in large numbers in the early stage of transplantation and play a key role in the progression of rejection. Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) is crucial for M1-type macrophages to exert pro-inflammatory effects. In the early stage of rejection, due to the high metabolic demand of M1-type macrophages, the expression of GLUT1 is significantly upregulated. These findings highlight the potential of GLUT1 as a predictive biomarker for guiding early and precise monitoring of rejection. In conclusion, this study provides an alternative method for early and non-invasive monitoring of allograft rejection.
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