ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Emerging macrophage-based therapies for cancer: a review of preclinical and clinical advances.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anthraquinone-Loaded Liposomes for TAM Reprogramming in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Rationale, Delivery Logic, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Macrophage Plasticity: Phenotypic and Functional Profiles Across Pathological Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Novel Organelle-Based Intracellular Immunity with Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications.Barrier immunity · 2026Article
- The M1 Paradox: Pro-Tumorigenic Effect of Macrophage Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- MISSTE: a multiscale integrative spatial simulator for understanding the mechanisms underlying tissue ecosystems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword role of tumor-associated macrophages: preventing or causing resistance to immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Targeting Macrophages in Immunotherapy: The Ascent of CAR-Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The link between macrophage polarization and response to radiotherapy in cancers: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- TAM-targeted nanomedicine in cancer: biological basis, therapeutic strategies, and translational perspectives.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Exploring macrophage polarization: biological insights, key laboratory techniques and research perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CAR T Cell Therapy in Lung Cancer: Overcoming Tumor Microenvironment-Mediated Barriers.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- CD24 as an innate immune checkpoint in solid tumors: biology, biomarker stratification, and therapeutic translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune cell-based therapies for solid tumors, current challenges and therapeutic advances.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages, the most abundant immune cells in many solid tumors, are no longer viewed solely as accomplices of cancer but as powerful therapeutic allies. This review charts the rapid rise of macrophage-based immunotherapies, from CD47/SIRPα checkpoint blockade and CAR-macrophages to macrophage-drug conjugates (MDCs). We emphasize emerging frontiers - RNA-based reprogramming, epigenetic modulation, small activating RNA and circRNA approaches, and macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles - that are redefining how tumor-associated macrophages can be targeted or harnessed. Distinct from earlier TAM reviews, we integrate outcomes from ongoing and completed clinical trials, highlight therapeutic platforms beyond classical depletion and polarization, and frame macrophages not only as targets but also as delivery vehicles. By spotlighting both innovative strategies and the challenges of moving them into the clinic, we aim to provide a forward-looking guide for researchers and clinicians shaping the next generation of cancer immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.