ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
Prevalence and infestation dynamics of intestinal protozoa infections (cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis and eimeriosis) among calves in dairy farms of Kazakhstan.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Identification of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria associated with diarrhea in calves in Japan (2020-2022).Parasitology research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigates the epidemiological characteristics of significant gastrointestinal protozoa diseases among calves, including cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and eimeriosis, in Kazakhstan. Methods: Using cross-sectional surveys and laboratory diagnostics we examined the age and seasonal dynamics of intestinal parasitic infestations in calves, specifically focusing on Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Eimeria spp. For this purpose, samples of feces were individually collected from 1,586 calves of varying ages and breeds in 12 industrialized farms from 11 districts of Akmola and Northern Kazakhstan Regions. Parasites were identified using Fuelleborn, Heine and ZnSO4 flotation microscopic techniques. Calves were categorized into four age groups (1-30, 31-90, 91-120, and >120 days) to evaluate the prevalence and age- associated risk of infection with above parasite species, and their combinations. Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using calves aged 1-30 days as the reference group. To examine the effects of age and time of year on the likelihood of parasitic infection ANOVA and a generalized additive logistic model (GAM) were used. It was found that in all investigated farms the age significantly influences the likelihood of infection with each parasite. Results and discussion: Cryptosporidium spp. infections were highly concentrated in the youngest calves, with prevalence 49.2% detected in the 1-30-day group. The risk of infection dropped dramatically with older age (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.