SynthesisVeterinary medicine and science2025
Leptospirosis Seroprevalence in Humans and Livestock of East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2000-2024).
Synthesis in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Leptospirosis Seroprevalence in Humans and Livestock of East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2000-2024).Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Zoonotic transmission risk in flood-prone river basins: community knowledge and behavioral determinants of leptospirosis in eastern Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a rapidly spreading and neglected zoonotic disease, whose transmission is interlinked between animals, humans and the environment. Even though leptospirosis is an endemic disease in East Africa, there is no updated information regarding the overall seroprevalence in humans, cattle, goats and sheep. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled seroprevalence of leptospirosis and associated factors among cattle, humans, goats and sheep in East Africa (from 2000 to 2024). Upon literature search from databases and registries, 36 articles reporting the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in humans, cattle, goats and sheep were included for the final meta-analysis. The pooled seroprevalence was higher in cattle at 23% (95% CI: 17.2-27.01), followed by 19.9% in goats (95% CI: 2.7-68.9) and 12.5% in humans (95% CI: 7.05-211). Regarding countries, there was the highest seroprevalence of leptospirosis in Ethiopia (25.7% [95% CI: 14.3-41.8]) and the lowest in Uganda (13.01% [95% CI: 2.11-50.97]). Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in different diagnostic methods was 16.5 (95% CI: 8.52-29.46) and 16.5 (95% CI: 12.3-23) in ELISA and MAT, respectively. The meta-regression analysis identified the sample size and study country as significant moderators (p < 0.1). The model incorporating sample size explained 58.89% of the heterogeneity. The observed high seroprevalence highlights the urgent need for improved diagnostic confirmation, as well as strengthened control and prevention strategies in the region.
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Registered trials
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