Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41107807›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Factors influencing pediatric COVID-19 vaccination uptake: a quantitative investigation in the Philippines.

Maria Margarita Lota, Paulyn Jean Acacio-Claro, Florian Vogt, Evalyn Roxas, Alvin Abeleda, Soledad Natalia Dalisay, Madilene Landicho, Yoshiki Fujimori, Jan Zarlyn Rosuello, Jessica Kaufman and 2 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
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Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Maria Margarita LotaCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. mmlota@up.edu.ph.
Paulyn Jean Acacio-ClaroCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Florian VogtThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Evalyn RoxasCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Alvin AbeledaCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Soledad Natalia DalisayThird World Studies, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Madilene LandichoCollege of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Yoshiki FujimoriCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Jan Zarlyn RosuelloCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
Jessica KaufmanVaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Margaret DanchinVaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Vicente BelizarioCollege of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 vaccines were recommended for the pediatric population in the Philippines in February 2022, after adults, due to both the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19. Despite ongoing vaccination efforts in the Philippines, pediatric COVID-19 vaccination uptake remains low. As such, this study aimed to determine the enablers and barriers of pediatric COVID-19 vaccination uptake amongst children 5-11 years in the Philippines.

methodsA cross-sectional survey among 546 caregivers of children aged 5-11 years was conducted onsite in three selected regions in the Philippines with low COVID-19 vaccine coverage between July and October 2023. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with pediatric COVID-19 vaccination uptake.

resultsOf the respondents, 143 caregivers had at least one child vaccinated against COVID-19, while 395 had none. The most common reasons for vaccination were protection against COVID-19 (93.7%), influence of government-mandated regulations (48.3%), and recommendation of healthcare workers (19.6%). High vaccine confidence (79%), high perceived vaccine benefit (81.1%), and perceived need for vaccination (78.3%) were enablers of vaccination. Among those who did not vaccinate, the most common reasons were distrust in vaccine safety (58.5%), perception that the child was too young (25.3%), and the child not wanting to get vaccinated (18.2%). Caregivers who decided not to vaccinate also had concerns about side effects (35.7%), low perceived need for COVID-19 vaccination (21.5%), and disagreed at requiring vaccinations for schooling (26.3%). Caregiver age [aOR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.65-5.46 for adults 30-45 years vs. aOR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.17-5.5.99 for adults 46-59 years], and perceived need for vaccination (OR = 2.56; 95% CI 1.31-5.03) were associated with pediatric COVID-19 vaccination uptake in the multivariable analysis. These factors were compared to caregivers aged 18-29 and those who responded 'neutral' to the survey, respectively.

conclusionsKey factors associated with COVID-19 pediatric vaccination uptake in the Philippines were perceived protection against COVID-19 illness, government mandated regulations and healthcare worker recommendations, while non-vaccination was associated with safety concerns, and children's age and preference to not be vaccinated. Understanding the social and behavioral drivers among caregivers may help policy decision-makers and implementers develop targeted interventions to enhance uptake of COVID-19 and routine childhood vaccines.

Indexed as

CaregiversCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesVaccinationVaccination CoverageAdultChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhilippinesSurveys and QuestionnairesCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19PediatricPhilippinesVaccination

Identifiers

PMID41107807
PMCPMC12534915

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.