ArticleBMC public health2025
Charge Your Brainzzz: the systematic development of a whole systems action program promoting sleep health in adolescents.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pilot Study and Evaluation of a Sleep Health Education Program for Early High School.The Journal of school health · 2026Article
- Community-engaged and Implementation Science-informed Pediatric Sleep Intervention Research.Current sleep medicine reports · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInadequate sleep among Dutch adolescents is a complex public health issue with detrimental effects on physical and mental well-being. Previous interventions have shown limited or no lasting effects. While systems approaches help to understand and address such challenges, effective prevention efforts require theory- and evidence-based intervention design using behavior change techniques. This study outlines the systematic development of a ‘whole systems action program’, named Charge Your Brainzzz (CYB), to promote healthy sleep in Dutch adolescents aged 12–15, by integrating theory- and evidence-based behavior change methods using the Intervention Mapping Protocol within a systems science approach, combined with stakeholder engagement.
methodsThe CYB program was developed based on previously identified key system dynamics influencing adolescent sleep and a detailed action plan targeting these dynamics. The development was guided by a procedure of which several sub-steps from the Intervention Mapping protocol were applied: defining the program goal and prioritizing system dynamics outcomes across various interconnected subsystems, specifying performance objectives, constructing matrices of change objectives, developing program components while selecting theoretical methods and practical applications, and program production and formative testing. Adolescents, parents, teachers, school boards, school care coordinators, youth healthcare professionals, and Healthy School advisors were actively involved.
resultsThe theory- and evidence based whole systems action program CYB consists of eight program components and includes: 1) an educational component, 2) a step-by-step guide for implementing school sleep health policies, 3) a parent information evening, 4) an online magazine, 5) Teen Sleep Check, 6) Sleep Guide, 7) Tool for monitoring and early detection for sleep (behavior) problems, and 8) implementation materials including a website.
conclusionsThe CYB program is the first whole systems action program designed to promote adolescent sleep health. Using a Systems Science approach, the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol, and stakeholder engagement, the program addresses the complexity of the health issue, ensures a solid theoretical foundation for behavior change, and incorporates the lived experiences of the target groups. Beyond presenting the program’s components, this study offers a replicable roadmap for addressing complex public health challenges, paving the way for innovative, system-oriented solutions in health promotion.
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Registered trials
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