ArticleScientific reports2025
Combined stomach content and stable isotope analyses revealed variations in trophic ecology of pacific cod in the east sea.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study investigated changes in the dietary composition and trophic levels of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) using stomach content and stable isotope analyses. Pacific cod samples were collected seasonally from May 2018 to February 2022 using bottom gill nets at the northern (Ayajin) and southern (Hupo) sites of the East Sea along the Korean coast. The primary dietary components included teleosts, amphipods, carid shrimps, and cephalopods. Gravimetric dietary analysis revealed distinct latitudinal, seasonal, and size-related variations, with teleosts, cephalopods, carid shrimps, and euphausiids serving as the key prey items. During the cold season, teleosts constituted the major dietary components of the large-sized Pacific cod, whereas smaller individuals consumed more carid shrimps, amphipods, and euphausiids. In the warm season, large-sized individuals predominantly consumed cephalopods irrespective of location, whereas smaller individuals favored amphipods and euphausiids at Ayajin and carid shrimps at Hupo. Differences in stable isotope values (δ
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