Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41106070›Full record

ArticleClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2025

Timing-dependent synergies between noninvasive motor cortex and spinal cord stimulation in chronic cervical spinal cord injury.

Lynda M Murray, James R McIntosh, Jacob A Goldsmith, Yu-Kuang Wu, Mingxiao Liu, Sean P Sanford, Evan F Joiner, Christopher Mandigo, Vishweshwar Tyagi, Michael S Virk and 2 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07539025 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Paired Non-invasive Stimulation of Hand Motor Cortex and Median Nerve to Induce Plasticity in the Cervical Spinal Cord

TypeinterventionalSponsorColumbia UniversityRan2026 to 2029Enrolled20ConditionsCervical Spinal Cord PlasticityArmsSCAP, MagPro X100, Digitimer DS8R, Paired non-associative stimulation
NCT07607665 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Paired Stimulation of Hand Motor Cortex and Median Nerve to Induce Spinal Cord Plasticity in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

TypeinterventionalSponsorColumbia UniversityRan2026 to 2032Enrolled25ConditionsHemiplegic Cerebral PalsyArmsPaired brain and nerve stimulation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lynda M MurrayDept. of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA. Electronic address: Lynda.Murray@mountsinai.org.
James R McIntoshDept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: jrm2263@cumc.columbia.edu.
Jacob A GoldsmithSpinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Dept. of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Yu-Kuang WuDept. of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
Mingxiao LiuSpinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
Sean P SanfordSpinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
Evan F JoinerDept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Christopher MandigoDept. of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York Presbyterian, The Och Spine Hospital, 5141 Broadway, New York, NY 10034, USA.
Vishweshwar TyagiDept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Michael S VirkDept. of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian, Och Spine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Jason B CarmelDept. of Neurology, Columbia University, 650 W. 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: jbc28@cumc.columbia.edu.
Noam Y HarelDept. of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Med. Ctr., 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; Dept. of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: Noam.Harel@va.gov.

Funding

Spinal Cord Associative PlasticityR01NS124224 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI CARMEL, JASON BRANT, HAREL, NOAM Y. · 2021 to 2025
$3.3M
Enhancing Speed and Accuracy of Motor Evoked Potential Recruitment Curve Analysis Using Hierarchical Bayesian ModelingR03NS141040 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI James Robert McIntosh · 2025 to 2026
$165k
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS124224NINDS NIH HHS R03 NS141040
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSpinal cord sensory networks strongly interact with descending motor circuits. We targeted this interaction by pairing motor cortex stimulation with coordinated cervical spinal cord stimulation. Using separate non-invasive and epidural experiments, we tested the hypothesis that the strongest muscle response would occur when paired brain and spinal cord stimuli simultaneously converge within the spinal cord.

methodsFor non-invasive experiments, we measured motor evoked potentials in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (TSCS). We compared this noninvasive approach to intraoperative paired stimulation experiments using dorsal epidural electrodes in individuals undergoing surgery for cervical myelopathy.

resultsIn 16 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and 15 uninjured individuals, suprathreshold TMS augmented target muscle responses (11.0%) when subthreshold TSCS stimuli converged synchronously in the spinal cord. Facilitation correlated with TSCS intensity. Facilitation did not correlate with SCI level or severity, indicating spared circuits were sufficient for this effect. Noninvasive pairing produced less facilitation compared to intraoperative (epidural) pairing.

conclusionsSensorimotor interactions in the cervical spinal cord can be targeted with paired stimulation in individuals with and without SCI. SIGNIFICANCE: Properly timed paired stimulation may enhance synaptic responsiveness after SCI.

Indexed as

Cervical CordEvoked Potentials, MotorMotor CortexSpinal Cord InjuriesSpinal Cord StimulationTranscranial Magnetic StimulationAdultAgedChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTime FactorsCervical spinal cordEpiduralMotor evoked potentialsSpinal cord injurySpinal cord stimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulationTranscutaneous

Identifiers

PMID41106070
PMCPMC12718122

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.