Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41105697›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Carbonizing technology enables Sanguisorbae Radix to inhibit yeast-to-hypha differentiation and biofilm formation in Candida albicans.

Xuxi Cheng, Jinyun Song, Qinglian Hu, Hongdan Wu, Bohui Song, Ruixiao Ma, Jinghan Gao, Yiwei Wang, Huangjin Tong, Wei Gu and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xuxi ChengDepartment of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Jinyun SongDepartment of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Qinglian HuSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Hongdan WuSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Bohui SongSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Ruixiao MaSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Jinghan GaoDepartment of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Yiwei WangSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Huangjin TongAffiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Wei GuSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Hongyu ZhaoDepartment of Clinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3338-939X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sanguisorbae Radix (SR) has been employed as an herbal medicine over centuries. Charred SR (CSR), acquired via carbonization after the charred stir-frying of SR, demonstrates superior antimicrobial activity compared to SR. The aim of the study was to identify how carbonizing technology enhanced the ability of SR to inhibit the transformation from yeast to hypha and biofilm formation in C. albicans. In this paper, a vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) mouse model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects. After CSR treatment, VVC mouse models nearly eliminated hyphal C. albicans adhering to the vaginal mucosa. The inhibitory activities of CSR on C. albicans biofilm formation and hyphal growth were assessed through quantitative biofilm analysis, morphological observations, and gene expression studies in vitro. Since the hyphal form signifies the initiation of biofilm development, this study confirmed CSR's remarkable inhibitory effect on C. albicans biofilm formation and hyphal growth. These effects were significantly weaker with SR. Additionally, the impact of carbonization on the composition of active compounds was analyzed. Carbonization significantly increased the content of ellagic acid (EA) and pyrogallic acid (PYG) by 7.44-fold and 28.09-fold, respectively. Both EA and PYG inhibited C. albicans biofilms and hyphal growth, with EA showing a more pronounced inhibitory effect. Finally, we concluded that carbonization technology enables SR to inhibit the yeast-to-hypha transition and biofilm formation in C. albicans by increase the levels of EA and PYG. EA was identified as the primary bioactive compound responsible for CSR's anti-biofilm effects.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBiofilmsCandida albicansCandidiasis, VulvovaginalHyphaePlant ExtractsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMiceAntifungal AgentsPlant Extracts

Identifiers

PMID41105697
PMCPMC12533860

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.