ArticleDiscover oncology2025
COVID-19, inflammatory cytokines, and digestive system cancers: a bidirectional Mendelian study and mediation analysis.
Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGastrointestinal cancers pose a significant global health burden, contributing to 8% of cancer cases and a substantial number of deaths each year. Meanwhile, the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has potentially elevated the risk of digestive system cancers (DSCs), and this work aims to investigate the causal relationship between COVID-19 infection andDSCs, and the role of inflammatory cytokines (IC).
methodsThis study employs a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) approach, using COVID-19, ICs, and DSCs single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables to investigate their causal relationship. The primary outcome is assessed using the inverse variance-weighted method. Moreover, mediation analysis was conducted using Two-step method.
resultsThis work revealed that COVID-19 infection increases the susceptibility of malignant stomach neoplasm and benign small intestine neoplasm, while malignant colorectal cancer and biliary tract neoplasm increase COVID-19 susceptibility. Additionally, 32 ICs were linked to 12 DSCs and 13 ICs associated with all COVID-19 outcomes.
conclusionsThere is a bidirectional causal relationship between COVID-19 and DSCs. ICs are closely associated with both COVID-19 and DSCs, but their mediating role has been overstated in previous studies.
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