Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41104373›Full record

ArticleAdvanced functional materials2025

Injectable Hydrogels for Programmable Nanoparticle Release.

Wenting Shi, Ying Xi, Xinyi Sheng, Soumen Das, Dongjing He, Kasie Collins, Yuhang Hu, M G Finn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced functional materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. On-Demand Chemically Degradable Hydrogels for Biological Applications.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Review
  6. Nonmonotonic rate-dependent adhesion of hydrogels.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. The Rise of Mechanobiology for Advanced Cell Engineering and Manufacturing.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wenting ShiSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Ying XiSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Xinyi ShengSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Soumen DasSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Dongjing HeGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Kasie CollinsSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
Yuhang HuGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
M G FinnSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Funding

Mechanistic Studies of Combination Adjuvants to Target B Cells in VaccinesU01AI160338 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI TEYTON, LUC · 2021 to 2025
$3.4M
Lymph node-targeted multistage chemoimmunotherapy for lymphomaR01CA247484 · NCI · GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI FINN, M.G., THOMAS, SUSAN NAPIER · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA247484NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI160338
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Injectable hydrogels represent a promising strategy for the extended release of biological molecules, thereby reducing the frequency of injections. This study introduces a novel system based on Michael addition of dextran and polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers functionalized with oxanorbornadiene (OND) and thiol groups, respectively. Reliable control over gelation speed allows administration by injection using a simple syringe-to-syringe mixing protocol that entrains more than 95% of virus-like particle (VLP) cargo. A combination of retro-Diels-Alder and hydrolytic ester bond cleavage gives rise to programmable release of the VLPs. Different release profiles, including burst, linear, and delayed release over a two-week period, are engineered using different OND linkages, and rheological characterization shows the hydrogels to be well within the desired range of stiffness for subcutaneous use. The modular nature of this system offers a generalizable platform for developing degradable materials aimed at sustained release biomedical applications.

Indexed as

degradable hydrogelsprogrammable releasevirus-like particles

Identifiers

PMID41104373
PMCPMC12525862

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.