ArticleCureus2025
Mixed Warm and Cold Autoimmune Hemolysis in an Elderly Patient With Sickle Cell Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), defined by the simultaneous presence of warm and cold autoantibodies, is a rare and severe complication in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), particularly in older adults. This case describes a male in his late 60s with homozygous SCD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who developed mixed AIHA, presenting with profound anemia and laboratory evidence of hemolysis. The advanced age and comorbidities complicated both diagnosis and management, with transfusion support hindered by alloimmunization. Despite these challenges, corticosteroid therapy and multidisciplinary care contributed to clinical stabilization. This case underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion and tailored management strategies for mixed AIHA in elderly SCD patients.
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