ArticleCureus2025
The Predicted Implications of Paederin Exposure to the Eye: A Paederus Outbreak During the Sudan War in 2025.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe Sudanese armed conflict has severely harmed the health system, causing infectious disease outbreaks. Paederus ocular dermatitis, induced by the toxins (paederin) of
methodsThis is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. All patients with paederin contact with the eye who presented to the Ophthalmology Clinic of the first author in El-Obeid City, North Kordofan State, Sudan, between 5 July and 5 August 2025 were enrolled for the study. The patients selected had no previous eye disease (specifically infectious conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, and chronic dermatitis). Out of 250 patients who presented to the clinic with paederin eye contact, only 100 were included in the study. Each of these patients was assessed for ocular clinical symptoms at the initial presentation using the available instruments and devices in the clinic.
resultsOut of the 100 included patients, periorbital dermatitis was found in 80% of cases, followed by itching in 85%, pain in 80%, hyperpigmented skin around the eye in 70%, lid ulcer in 38%, redness in 36%, and lid swelling in 28%. Only 2% of women experienced conjunctivitis, while 8% developed vesicles. The reported number might be much lower than the true number of casualties due to the exclusion criteria.
conclusionThe massive outbreak of
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