Trial reportFrontiers in immunology2025
Impact of an aerosolized or intramuscular adenovirus type 5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine on Fc-mediated immune effector functions in a hybrid immunity population.
Trial report in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Beyond the role of neutralizing antibodies in protecting against SARS-CoV-2, Fc-mediated antibodies functions may offer additional immune defense. This study aimed to evaluate the Fc-mediated immune responses elicited by aerosolized and intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccines in a Chinese population with hybrid immunity. Methods: Serum samples were collected from the immunogenicity sub-cohort within a multicenter, partially randomized platform trial comparing aerosolized and intramuscular adenovirus type 5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) boosters in adults in China. Participants were enrolled approximately six months after an Omicron wave in late 2022, and randomized to receive a booster dose with aerosolized or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV. Fc-mediated immune responses to wild-type and XBB.1.16 variant spike proteins were assessed by measuring antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP), and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) before vaccination, and at 14 days, 3 months, 6 months post-booster. Correlations between Fc-mediated responses (ADCP, ADNP, ADCC) and neutralizing antibodies, IgG, and IgA levels responses were also analyzed. Results: Intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccination significantly induced Fc-mediated effector functions against wild-type spike protein, with peak responses at 14 days post-booster, including ADCP score of 107.21 (95% CI: 84.43-129.99), ADNP score of 133.96 (95% CI: 112.81-155.11), and ADCC fold induction of 9.64 (95% CI: 8.57-10.70). These responses gradually waned over time. In contrast, aerosolized Ad5-nCoV did not significantly enhance ADCP or ADNP, but did elicit notable ADCC responses, peaking at 3 months post-vaccination (fold induction: 7.85,95% CI: 6.66-9.04). Fc-mediated responses to XBB.1.16 were lower than those to the wild-type spike. Notably, the fold reductions in ADCP, ADNP, and ADCC against XBB.1.16 were less pronounced than the corresponding reduction in neutralizing antibody titers. Conclusions: Intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccination elicited robust ADCP, ADNP, and ADCC responses, while the aerosolized formulation primarily induced ADCC activity. Fc-mediated effector functions exhibited greater cross-reactivity against emerging variants compared to neutralizing antibodies, but correlated only weakly with neutralizing antibody titers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.