Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41103365›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025

Population attributable fractions of cardiovascular diseases linked to lifestyle behaviors: the ATTICA study (2002-2022).

Evangelia Damigou, Costas Anastasiou, Konstantina Kyrili, Fotios Barkas, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Evangelinos Michelis, Christos Pitsavos, Petros P Sfikakis, Costas Tsioufis, Demosthenes Panagiotakos

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Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Evangelia DamigouDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Costas AnastasiouDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Konstantina KyriliDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Fotios BarkasDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Evangelos LiberopoulosFirst Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Evangelinos MichelisFirst Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Christos PitsavosFirst Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Petros P SfikakisFirst Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Costas TsioufisFirst Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Demosthenes PanagiotakosDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The stagnant cost of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be diminished with the effective management of well-known lifestyle factor modifications. However, when it comes to treating the individual and not the disease, research on these factors and their interactions is limited. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of CVD cases that would be prevented in males/females and younger/older participants if specific lifestyle patterns were managed. Methods: The sample was 1,988 (mean age: 45 ± 14 years, 49.7% male) individuals from the ATTICA cohort study (2002-2022), who were initially free-of-CVD. Trained health professionals evaluated combined fatal/non-fatal CVD outcomes, 2 major non-modifiable risk factors (i.e., sex and age) and 6 categories of modifiable risk factors [i.e., low/middle socio-economic status (SES), urban residence, at least one clinical, one psychological or one unhealthy lifestyle factor]. Population attributable fractions (PAF) and generalized impact fractions (GIFs) (percentage of exposure removal: 70%), were computed for each sole factor, as well as different combinations of these factors, representing different lifestyle patterns. Results: A lifestyle pattern comprising of having a low/middle SES, urban residence, at least one clinical, psychological and unhealthy lifestyle factor was associated with a PAF of 82%; 8 out of 10 CVD cases would have been prevented if all these factors had been completely managed in the sample. The respective PAF and GIF was similar in males and females but differed significantly based on the age of the participants. PAF varied between 69% and 80%, when participants had all 5 factor categories, but were healthy (with no clinical factors) or of high SES, respectively. Conclusion: The increased burden of CVD could be significantly reduced with tailored programs focusing on managing lifestyle patterns, especially in individuals (males or females) older than 45 years-old.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasegeneralized impact fractionlifestylesmodifiable factorspopulation attributable fraction

Identifiers

PMID41103365
PMCPMC12521195

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