Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41102829›Full record

ArticlePlant methods2025

Large-scale non-destructive crown-level assessment of Ginkgo pigments via hyperspectral and machine learning techniques.

Xin Yang, Zihan Wei, Lehao Li, Xiaoming Yang, Jimei Han, Meiling Ming, Guibin Wang, Fuliang Cao, Kai Zhou, Fangfang Fu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Plant methods, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xin YangState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Zihan WeiState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Lehao LiState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Xiaoming YangState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Jimei HanState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Meiling MingState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Guibin WangState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
Fuliang CaoState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China. fuliangcaonjfu@163.com.
Kai ZhouState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China. kaizhou@njfu.edu.cn.
Fangfang FuState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China. fffu@njfu.edu.cn.

Funding

Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund CX(23)1027National Natural Science Foundation of China 32101521
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The photosynthetic pigments - chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and carotenoids (Car) - in juvenile ginkgo leaves are crucial for growth monitoring as they reflect physiological status and directly influence the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and terpene lactones. Traditional pigment measurement methods (acetone/ethanol extraction, SPAD, etc.) are inadequate for large-scale dynamic monitoring and high-throughput phenotyping analysis. To address this, this study developed a non-destructive prediction model for Chl a, Chl b, and Car contents in ginkgo seedlings using hyperspectral imaging combined with machine learning algorithms, which is applicable to seedlings with different genetic backgrounds and at various color development phases. A total of 3,460 seedlings from 590 families, sourced from ancient trees across 19 provinces in China, were analyzed using hyperspectral imaging and biochemical pigment quantification. A phased optimization strategy was implemented, including preprocessing method screening, model comparison, and feature wavelength selection. Among the four tested preprocessing methods (raw reflectance, normalization, first derivative, and second derivative), normalization significantly improved model accuracy. The Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm outperformed partial least squares regression (PLSR) and random forest (RF), achieving coefficients of determination (R²) above 0.83 and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) values exceeding 2.4 across all pigments. Compared with competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), the successive projections algorithm (SPA) demonstrated more effective spectral dimensionality reduction while preserving predictive power. This framework enables efficient, accurate, and scalable pigment phenotyping in Ginkgo biloba, offering technical support for large-scale germplasm screening and precision breeding.

Indexed as

CarotenoidsChlorophyllFeature wavelength selectionGinkgo BilobaHyperspectral imagingMachine learning

Identifiers

PMID41102829
PMCPMC12533460

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.