ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026
Perineural Invasion Worsens Long-Term Outcomes of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Following Surgical Resection.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Decoding neuro-tumor interactions in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms, immunosuppressive networks and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
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14 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo define the impact of perineural invasion (PNI) on long-term survival of patients following curative-intent resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). PATIENTS AND
methodsPatients with pNETs who underwent curative-intent resection (R0/R1) between 2000 and 2020 were identified from a multi-institutional database. The impacts of PNI on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed.
resultsAmong 700 patients, 171 (n = 24.4%) had a pNET with PNI. The presence of PNI was associated with higher tumor grade (G3, 8.2% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.001), more advanced AJCC T disease (T3-T4, 58.5% vs. 15.9%, p < 0.001), and a higher incidence of nodal metastasis (52.6% vs. 21.2%, p < 0.001) versus patients with no PNI. Patients with PNI had a worse OS (median, with PNI 115.9 months vs. no PNI not reached, p < 0.001) and DFS (median, with PNI 51.9 vs. no PNI 115.4 months, p < 0.001) versus patients with no PNI. On multivariable analysis PNI was an independent risk factor associated with worse OS (HR = 2.624, 95%CI 1.475-4.668, p = 0.001), as well as DFS (HR = 1.972, 95%CI 1.396-2.786, p < 0.001). Among 256 patients with very early staged tumors (G1N0) who underwent an R0 resection, PNI remained a strong independent factor associated with worse long-term survivals (OS, HR = 3.892, 95%CI 1.196-12.662, p = 0.024; DFS, HR = 2.530, 95%CI 1.010-6.339, p = 0.048).
conclusionsPNI was an independent adverse prognostic factor among patients undergoing curative-intent resection of pNETs, even among individuals with early-stage disease. The presence of PNI should be routinely assessed and considered in the prognostic stratification of patients following resection of pNETs.
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