ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2025
Urinary Sweeteners and Sugars in Relation to Childhood Obesity: The SWEET Project.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe roles of low-and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS) and sugars in obesity remain debated, partly because of the limitations of self-reported dietary intakes.
objectivesTo examine cross-sectional associations between urinary LNCS and sugar concentrations and BMI and waist-to-height (WHtR) z-scores in Dutch children and adolescents.
methodsWe used data and urine samples of 500 participants aged 8-17 y sampled from the Lifelines Cohort. LNCS and sugar concentrations were measured from timed overnight urine samples using ultra-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression models assessed associations of urinary LNCS and sugars (mg/mL or log-transformed urinary biomarker-to-creatinine ratio) with BMI and WHtR z-scores, adjusting for age, sex, screen time hours, and fruit and vegetable frequencies of use.
resultsThe median age of the study population was 14 y, and 50% (n = 249) were girls. Mean BMI z-score amounted to 0.10 (SD: 1.0) and WHtR z-score was 0.16 (SD: 1.0). Urinary saccharin was independently associated with BMI z-score {β
conclusionsUrinary saccharin and sucralose were positively associated with indicators of general and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents, whereas total urinary sugar, glucose, and fructose showed inverse associations. These findings likely reflect differences in dietary patterns of children and adolescents according to weight status, as misreporting can be excluded because of the use of biomarkers.
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