ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2025
Temporal Trends in Cervical Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among Females in Xiamen, China (2016-2023): Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic Variation of HPV53 and the Identification of T-Cell Epitopes.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- An epidemiological survey of HPV infection among women in Southern Hebei, China.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Prevalence of vaginal microecological disorder and its association with HPV infections in pregnant women attending prenatal examinations.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Utility of extended HPV genotyping in cervical cancer screening: a prospective population-based cohort study in China.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a primary causative agent of cervical cancer, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide. Epidemiological data on regional HPV prevalence and genotype distribution are critical for tailoring targeted cervical cancer prevention strategies, particularly in regions with limited population-based studies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate temporal trends in the prevalence of overall HPV infection and vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes among females in Xiamen between 2016 and 2023 using annual cross-sectional analyses. Methods: We analyzed retrospective deidentified data from 63,553 females who underwent HPV genotyping of cervical exfoliated cells at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Xiamen University from 2016 to 2023. Data on HPV genotyping, age, and detection time were collected from the hospital's electronic information system. For each year, we conducted a cross-sectional assessment of HPV infection status to calculate annual HPV prevalence. Temporal trends of HPV prevalence were analyzed across 3 pandemic periods (prepandemic: 2016-2019, pandemic: 2020-2022, and postpandemic: 2023) and by age groups. Results: The overall HPV prevalence was 25.24% (16,039/63,553), comprising high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) at 19.26% (12,242/63,553) and low-risk human papillomavirus (LR-HPV) at 10.08% (6409/63,553). Vaccine-targeted HPV prevalence rates were bivalent human papillomavirus at 3.56% (2264/63,553), quadrivalent human papillomavirus at 5.89% (3746/63,553), and nine-valent human papillomavirus at 13.64% (8666/63,553), respectively. Notably, the number of non-vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes accounted for 16.01% (10,177/63,553) of all tested females and 63.45% (10,177/16,039) of HPV-positive cases. The top 5 HR-HPV genotypes were HPV52 (3000/63,553, 4.72%), HPV58 (1895/63,553, 2.98%), HPV53 (1582/63,553, 2.49%), HPV16 (1461/63,553, 2.30%), and HPV39 (1116/63,553, 1.76%), while HPV81 (1407/63,553, 2.21%), HPV61 (1268/63,553, 2%), and HPV6 (1101/63,553, 1.73%) were the most prevalent LR-HPV genotypes. Temporal analysis revealed significant declines in the prevalence of overall HPV, HR-HPV, LR-HPV, bivalent human papillomavirus, quadrivalent human papillomavirus, nine-valent human papillomavirus, and specific genotypes (HPV52, HPV58, HPV16, HPV39, and HPV6) from 2016 to 2019 to 2023 (all P<.001). Conversely, HPV81 prevalence increased significantly in 2023 compared to 2020-2022 (2.44% vs 1.96%; P<.001). Age-stratified analysis of HPV prevalence showed a significant declining trend with increasing age (P<.001), with peak prevalence observed in the ≤20-year age group. Conclusions: Cervical HPV infection, particularly non-vaccine-targeted genotypes, remains a substantial public health burden in Xiamen, highlighting the urgency to develop broader spectrum vaccines, to enhance cervical cancer screening programs, and to implement age-specific interventions, specifically for females aged ≤20 years. Long-term surveillance of emerging HPV genotypes and vaccination coverage is recommended.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.